Airframe. ATPL Preparation Certificate 021 - ENAC

 Table of CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1ST PART:AIRFRAME STRENGTH

CHAPTER1:BASICPRINCIPLESOFMECHANICSOFMATERIALS

1 Introduction–Mechanicsofmaterials

2 Forcesinvolved

   2.1 Deformationofasolidduetotheappliedforces

3 Stressesinsolids

   3.1 Highlightingthestresses

   3.2.Normalstressandshearstress

   3.3.Sizing–General

4 Stress-strainrelationshipexample:tension

   4.1 Fundamentalexperiment

5 Compressionandbuckling

   5.1 Platebuckling

6 Simpleshear

7 Bending

8 Torsion

9 Stressdistributioninthevariouselementsofasimplestructure

   9.1 Normalload

   9.2 Shearingload

   9.3 Bendingmoment

   9.4 Torsionalmoment

   9.5 Distributionofstressonstructuralelements

CHAPTER 2: DESIGN METHODS

1 Introduction

2 Rupture modes

   2.1 Static rupture

   2.2 Fatigue rupture

   2.3 Dynamic instability

   2.4 Rupture by cracking

   2.5 Parts exposed to high temperatures

3 Certification levels (Paragraph 1309)

   3.1 Failure types

   3.2 Probability of occurrence

   3.3 Conclusion

4 Load calculation – General

   4.1 Loads supported by the aircraft

   4.2 Load types (limit load, ultimate load, in-service load)

5 Static proof

6 Proof of fatigue strength and damage-tolerance

   6.1 1st step: Definition of fatigue loads

   6.2 2nd step: Proof3

7 Design types

   7.1 History

   7.2 Definition of concepts 

CHAPTER 3: STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE

1 Introduction

2 The ATA 100 Standard

3 Maintenance modes

  3.1 Introduction

  3.2 Preventive maintenance

4 Issuing the maintenance program for a new aircraft

  4.1 Purpose and actors

  4.2 At the operator’s premises: scheduled maintenance

CHAPTER 4: AERONAUTICAL MATERIALS

1 Introduction

2 Main properties

   2.1 Chemical properties

   2.2 Physical properties

   2.3 Mechanical properties

   2.4 Environmental properties

   2.5 Implementation

   2.6 Economical properties

3 Material selection

1^ST CATEGORY: METALLIC MATERIALS

4 Steel.

  4.1 Chemicals properties

  4.2 Physical properties

  4.3 Mechanical properties

  4.4 Environmental properties

  4.5 Implementation

  4.6 Economy

  4.7 Conclusion-use

5 Light alloys

  5.1 Chemicals properties

  5.2 Physical properties

  5.3 General properties

  5.4 Main light alloys used in airframes

6 Ultra-light alloys

  6.1 Chemicals properties

  6.2 Physical properties

  6.3 Mechanical properties

7 Titanium and titanium alloys

  7.1 Chemicals properties

  7.2 Physical properties

  7.3 Mechanical properties

2^ND CATEGORY: COMPOSITE MATERIALS

8 General

   8.1 Definition

   8.2 Anisotropy and lay-up53

9 Constituents

   9.1 Fibers

   9.2 Matrixes.

10 Advantages and disadvantages of using composite materials

    10.1 Advantages

    10.2 Disadvantages

11 Sandwich materials

    11.1 Definition

    11.2 Properties 

CHAPTER 5: BASIC NOTIONS OF AEROELASTICITY

1 Static aeroelasticity : aileron reversal

1.1 What is it?

1.2 What happened?

1.3 Remedies

2 Dynamic aeroelasticity

2.1 Calculation of dynamic loads

2.2 Vibrations

2.3 Example of instability: flutter 

2^ND PART: AIRFRAME 

CHAPTER 1: WINGS (ATA 57)

1 General

1.1 Wing position

1.2 Wing types

2 Applied loads

2.1 Nature

2.2 General stresses

3 Construction modes

3.1 Spars

3.2 Ribs

3.3 Skin and stringers

4 Stress PICK-UP in the box constituents

4.1 Reminder: Distribution of stresses in a simple structure

4.2 Application to the wing box

5 Special points

5.1 MZFW limitation

5.2 Tanks

CHAPTER 2: FUSELAGE (ATA 53)

1 The various types of fuselage

1.1 Introduction

1.2 The various types of fuselage

1.3 Pressurized areas

1.4 Different fuselage cross-sections

2 Applied loads

2.1 Nature

2.2 General loads

2.3 Abnormal operation fuselage loads

3 Construction modes

3.1 Frames

3.2 Skin and stringers

3.3 Assemblies

4 Load pick-up in fuselage cross-sections

5 Fuselage openings

5.1 Windshields

5.2 Passenger doors

5.3 Cargo compartment doors

6 Floor

7 Fire Protection

CHAPTER 3: STABILIZERS (ATA 55) AND CONTROL SURFACES

1 General

1.1 Tail units

1.2 Vertical section

1.3 Horizontal section

1.4 Arrangement of stabilizers

2 Applied loads

3 Control surfaces: General

3.1 Definition

3.2 Ground locking of control surfaces

4 Control surface defects

4.1 Adverse yaw

4.2 Aeroelasticity-related problems

5 Aerodynamic balance

5.1 Inset hinge

5.2 Internal balance

5.3 Tabs

6 Trimming of control surfaces

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